{"id":1316,"date":"2013-05-10T20:12:14","date_gmt":"2013-05-10T20:12:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/utel.mx\/blog\/?p=1316"},"modified":"2023-03-10T16:51:23","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T16:51:23","slug":"el-poder-de-la-prensa-historia-del-periodismo-mexicano","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/utel.mx\/blog\/10-consejos-para\/el-poder-de-la-prensa-historia-del-periodismo-mexicano\/","title":{"rendered":"El poder de la prensa, historia del periodismo mexicano"},"content":{"rendered":"

En la actualidad el periodismo es conocido como \u00abel cuarto poder\u201d. El papel que juega en la sociedad contempor\u00e1nea es el de informar e interpretar los diversos hechos que acontecen en la sociedad y que marcan una tendencia informativa. Las funciones del periodismo est\u00e1n marcadas por ciertas reglas: ejercer con \u00e9tica, veracidad, honestidad y objetividad. La cr\u00edtica intelectual, es una caracter\u00edstica que todo periodista debe fomentar en su labor diaria, debe asumir la responsabilidad y el compromiso que implica mantener informada a la sociedad.<\/span><\/p>\n

Breve historia de los or\u00edgenes del periodismo en M\u00e9xico<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u2022 Los inicios del periodismo en M\u00e9xico se remontan a la \u00e9poca colonial (siglo XVI), cuando circulaban por las calles de la Nueva Espa\u00f1a los famosos pregoneros, quienes vociferaban las noticias m\u00e1s importantes en sitios de gran concurrencia.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022\u00a0En 1539 lleg\u00f3 la imprenta a M\u00e9xico<\/strong>. La instalaci\u00f3n de diversos talleres de impresi\u00f3n, se prest\u00f3 a la circulaci\u00f3n de hojas volantes, la primera de ellas, es el \u201cMercurio Volante\u201d, editado en 1693, que conten\u00eda noticias de car\u00e1cter hist\u00f3rico y cient\u00edfico.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022\u00a0En enero de 1722, el Doctor Juan Ignacio de Castorena funda \u201cLa Gaceta de M\u00e9xico y noticias de Nueva Espa\u00f1a\u201d, considerado como el primer peri\u00f3dico de M\u00e9xico<\/strong>. En este se publicaba informaci\u00f3n de car\u00e1cter religioso, oficial, comercial, social, minero y mar\u00edtimo.<\/span><\/p>\n

El periodismo durante la Independencia <\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n

En este periodo surge el peri\u00f3dico llamado \u201cEl Despertador Americano\u201d, fundado por el cura Miguel Hidalgo, en Guadalajara el 20 de diciembre de 1810, que fungi\u00f3 como bandera de lucha pol\u00edtica e ideol\u00f3gica de aquellos grupos que buscaban la transformaci\u00f3n social del pa\u00eds. Aunque no rend\u00eda importantes remuneraciones econ\u00f3micas su distribuci\u00f3n sirvi\u00f3 para difundir las ideas y cr\u00edticas de los intelectuales de esa \u00e9poca.<\/span><\/p>\n

Otros peri\u00f3dicos que se utilizaron como medios de difusi\u00f3n a favor de la lucha fueron: \u201cPensador Americano de 1812\u201d, dirigido por Jos\u00e9 Joaqu\u00edn Fern\u00e1ndez de Lizardi en donde expuso su aberraci\u00f3n por la esclavitud;\u00a0 el \u201cCorreo Americano del Sur\u201d a cargo de Jos\u00e9 Manuel Herrera,\u00a0 \u201cEl Aristarco Universal\u201d de Lorenzo de Zavala y \u201cEl Ilustrador Nacional\u201d del Doctor Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Cos, entre otros medios que apoyaron el esp\u00edritu independentista de los mexicanos.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u00f1os despu\u00e9s, en la Constituci\u00f3n de 1834<\/strong>, se logr\u00f3 asentar el trabajo de la prensa bajo la concepci\u00f3n de la libertad de expresi\u00f3n<\/strong>. Lo que dio pauta al crecimiento de la actividad period\u00edstica en M\u00e9xico.<\/span><\/p>\n

En 1876, cuando Porfirio D\u00edaz asumi\u00f3 la presidencia se percat\u00f3 que el ambiente period\u00edstico manten\u00eda una posici\u00f3n combativa, por lo que decidi\u00f3 instaurar una cuota mensual a los due\u00f1os de las imprentas. Esto, con la finalidad de tener un mejor control sobre el contenido de los peri\u00f3dicos y frenar las rivalidades. Entre la propaganda y los peri\u00f3dicos que manten\u00edan la l\u00ednea opositora, surge \u201cRegeneraci\u00f3n\u201d, peri\u00f3dico fundado por los hermanos Jes\u00fas y Ricardo Flores Mag\u00f3n en agosto de 1900. Peri\u00f3dico que marc\u00f3 \u00e9poca por la determinaci\u00f3n de una ideolog\u00eda extremadamente radical.<\/span><\/p>\n

El periodismo moderno en M\u00e9xico<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n

El \u201cImparcial\u201d es considerado el peri\u00f3dico m\u00e1s moderno en M\u00e9xico por el esquema de publicaci\u00f3n que retom\u00f3 de los estadunidenses. Fue fundado por Rafael Reyes Esp\u00edndola en 1896. Este incorpor\u00f3 en su estructura una planta de reporteros y equipo de producci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Despu\u00e9s de su desaparici\u00f3n, en el a\u00f1o de 1914, el 1 de Octubre de 1916 el constitucionalista F\u00e9lix F. Palavicini funda \u201cEl Universal\u201d y un a\u00f1o despu\u00e9s, el 18 de Marzo de 1917 Rafael Alduc\u00edn da inicio a la impresi\u00f3n del peri\u00f3dico \u201cExc\u00e9lsior\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

El 19 de Septiembre de 1984, sale a la luz \u201cLa Jornada\u201d publicado desde entonces por Carlos Pey\u00e1n. Proyecto que surge gracias a las ideas de un grupo de periodistas.<\/span><\/p>\n

En el a\u00f1o 2000, se comienza el tiraje\u00a0 del diario MILENIO, el cual pertenece al Grupo Editorial Milenio, fundado por Francisco Gonz\u00e1lez y Jes\u00fas D. Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mar\u00eda M\u00e9ndez Coronel<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/b>UTEL Editorial<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Universidad<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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